A Survival Story

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Vern Humphrey

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A Survival Story

On Tuesday, February 5th, Super Tuesday, I was stationed in the Stone County Clerk's office in Mountain View, Arkansas. I am a County Election Commissioner, and my duty was to supervise the primary election. My wife is Assistant Director of Nursing at the local nursing home.

We had warnings of storms and tornadoes. Late in the afternoon, we heard that the town of Clinton, about 25 miles to the southwest, had been hit by a tornado. Then we heard other towns, closer to us had been hit. At 6:00 PM I directed poll workers to lock down the precincts and evacuate, and to return after the storm had passed.

At 6:30 PM, the tornado tore through the eastern part Mountain View. All the electric power in the county went out. Cell phone signals were lost. We retained landline communication with most of the county, but could not make long distance calls, nor could we contact the eastern section of the county. The county hospital was hit, only the operating room remaining intact. Patients were evacuated to the nursing home. Power was not restored until about 4:00 PM on Monday, February 11th. Roads were blocked for days with fallen power lines, debris, and so on.

I won't bore you with how we had to recover ballot boxes and voting machines -- but it took seven days to collect everything and get certifiable results. In the meantime, the county was cut off, with no power. This tornado tore a half mile to a mile wide swath through the state, 123 miles long!

My wife and I put our personal survival plan into effect, moving into our basement, heating with a wood stove, cooking on a Coleman stove, lighting it with a Coleman lantern. We survived in comfort until the power went back on at 4:00 PM on Monday, the 11th. This is hardly the first time we have put our survival plan into action -- the county has had two tornadoes and two ice storms in the last 12 years.

Here are some tips:

Make a plan -- a realistic plan.

 Start with a realistic situation -- not TEOTWAWKI, but one based on actual survival incidents where you live. Here it is ice storms and tornadoes. They have two similarities -- long term loss of power, and physical isolation (due to trees and power lines down on the roads.)

 Develop an outline plan -- this plan, sometimes called a "Long Term Plan" is a statement of what you plan to accomplish.

 Resource the plan. Acquire the things you will need. If you cannot afford some things now, plan to acquire them later. This is sometimes called a "Mid Term Plan."

 Execute the plan -- the execution plan is the "Short Range Plan." Don't wait for a tornado or earthquake -- take some vacation time and put your plan into action. If you plan to walk from Atlanta, Georgia to Nantahala carrying your gun safe and Dillon 550B reloader, you might want to try that before the disaster strikes.

 Evaluate your execution. Make notes of what worked and what didn't work. Make a list of the things you wish you had, and plan to acquire them.

Stress the elements of survival. I won't list them in any particular order, because one element may be critical in one situation, but not in another.

 Shelter. This is where you will live. You may have to live there for days, weeks, months, or even a year or more. A cave or tarp under a tree is not a satisfactory long term shelter. My shelter is my basement -- fully finished, with reinforced concrete walls, two steel girders running the width of the house, and two exits -- basement stairs and double doors to outside. It is furnished with a hide-a-bed sofa, and there is an 8X12 "machine room" where the HVAC, water heater, and so on reside. There is room enough for a large gun safe, a freezer, shelves containing canned goods, batteries, etc.

 Food. We have enough canned goods to last us a month in the "machine room."

 Water. We are on a rural water system, so no need for a pump. We also keep a gallon of bleach in the machine room so as to be able to purify creek water if needed.

 Heat. The temperature was in the 'teens this time. The basement stays at 55 degrees year-round, so the wood stove was adequate. This is characteristic of underground shelters, and makes them especially desirable.

 Power. We keep a 1.35 KW generator in the machine room, take it outside and run it to keep the freezer from thawing.

 Light. My wife and I have flashlights everywhere -- in the truck, in the car, in the bedside tables, in the machine room. We also stock candles, oil lamps, Coleman fuel (2 gallons) in there. Our Dual Fuel Coleman lantern will burn regular gas, too.

 Cooking. We keep a Coleman Dual Fuel camp stove in the machine room.

 Communications. We keep a hand-cranked radio. We may add a transmitter-receiver after this experience. Fortunately, telephone service (at least within the county) has never failed us.

 Transportation. We have 4X4s, and keep 10 gallons of gas in cans in out outside shed. We also have tire chains.

 Tools. Forget "survival tools." The most important tool is a chain saw. During the last ice storm, we had to cut about 20 trees that had broken or bent over blocking our 1/4-mile drive. We had a couple on the 0.6 mile common road, too.

 Protection. I am always armed (except in polling places -- dang it!). I keep firearms spotted in the house where I can get to them quickly, as well. Of course, our isolation (3 1/2 miles down the county road, 0.6 miles down the common road, and a quarter mile down our drive) also offers protection.

 Community. We worked together to help save and provide necessities to our neighbors. They would do the same for us, if needed.
 
Wow, thats pretty extensive. I like it.
Back when I lived in FL, a friend of mine and I (and our friends and roommates) had a similar plan. When a Hurricane was on the way, we rallied at my friend's house. He had a rather large house made of all concrete block. in addition to everyone bringing enough non-perishables for themselves, all weapons and ammo were welcome(they weren't welcome in the public shelters) as well as any beer you cared to contribute to the "Hurrication." We sandbagged the garage, which was prone to flooding, secured all the weapons in one room, and partied our way through the hurricane in the garage. If it had ever gotten REALLY bad, we planned to stop drinking and shut the door.
In the aftermath we were prepared with 20US Gal of gas in Jerry Cans that got periodically used and refilled to keep the fuel fresh, 2 4X4's with tow straps and chains to clear out the neighborhood (only had to pull 2 trees off the roadway from one storm) Each truck had at least one legal FL CCW, one handgun with each, and a truck rifle; mine was an SKS, my friend kept a Mossberg 500 12ga.
We never had to go into full survival mode, but we made the plan after my first serious hurricane experience. We ended up driving to a friend's house because they had power. Not the brightest idea, i know. Also didn't have any personal protection back then. Now a looter would be insane to come to my house for hurricane booty.
 
Start with a realistic situation -- not TEOTWAWKI, but one based on actual survival incidents where you live. Here it is ice storms and tornadoes. They have two similarities -- long term loss of power, and physical isolation (due to trees and power lines down on the roads.)

The ice storm we had in Arkansas in December of 2000 had us out of power for about a week and a half here in Washington County. I had my 3kw generator wired up so we could run the thermostat and blower on the furnace, the refrigerator and the lights in the living room. The gas water heater runs on a pilot light and thermocouple, so we didn't need to power it. I had the generator set up so it was isolated from the commercial power lines.

We had several weeks' worth of canned and frozen food, 20 gallons of gas in cans and water was never cut off so we didn't have to use what we had stored. We used the generator a few hours every day to keep the house warm and the fridge cold, watched a little TV, and used Coleman lanterns and flashlights for light most of the rest of the time. The neighbors heard our generator and asked if they could hook up a couple of hours a day so they could keep their pipes from freezing. No problem.

I have since added a wood stove for long term heating and to save on gas bills, plus there's nothing like a wood fire to warm up next to when it's cold and damp outside. Good post, and a good example of what being prepared is all about. Things that are well short of TEOTWAWKI happen all the time, and being prepared for them is only common sense.
 
The ice storm we had in Arkansas in December of 2000 had us out of power for about a week and a half here in Washington County.
That's the storm where I had to cut my way out, with all the trees over my access road.

We've had two tornadoes and two ice storms here in 12 years -- in one ice storm, we didn't lose power, but the county roads were undriveable for a week, unless you had chains.
 
In addition to the chain saw (actually two) I also keep on hand a cordless 18V reciprocating saw. This is very handy after storms and usable by my eldest, wheras the chain saw is still beyond their years.
 
Ya know, I re-read this thread and geez Vern, it's not really much of a survival story, no zombie hordes or stampeding dinosaurs or even bigfoot attacks?!? :neener:

Seriously though, I noticed that you were using Coleman stoves and lamps. Were you using them indoors? I ask because the "white gas" (Coleman fuel) based stuff is a major producer of Carbon Monoxide and really should never be used indoors or you risk carbon monoxide poisoning. On that same train of thought I strongly recommend that folks have battery powered carbon monoxide detectors. Also I'm throwing out the general suggestion that every household have multiple fire extinguishers for emergency situations because fire/rescue might not be available at all and you may have to fend for yourself. (Multiple extinguishers because you'd be astounded at how fast they run out when you need them).
 
[were you using a camp stove/lamp] indoors? I ask because the "white gas" (Coleman fuel) based stuff is a major producer of Carbon Monoxide...

Not to pick nits but...

An unventilated 0.4-m3 space was constructed from cardboard to simulate a small snow cave. ... Baseline levels of CO were measured, then 3 trials with each fuel were performed, for a total of 9 trials. In all trials, water was heated over the stove to keep temperature in the model relatively constant.

White gas caused the lowest rise in CO levels, with an average of 212 (SD = 27.8) ppm at 2 minutes and 348 (SD = 76.0) ppm at 5 minutes. At no time in any trial of the white gas did the CO levels rise above 500 ppm. Unleaded gasoline caused higher average CO levels, creating 305 (SD = 27.1) ppm at 2 minutes and 464 (SD = 31.6) ppm at 5 minutes. In one trial, the unleaded gasoline produced a level of 501 ppm at 5 minutes. Kerosene produced the highest CO levels. At 2 minutes, average levels were 714 (SD = 113.5) ppm. In all 3 trials, CO levels were out of the measurable range of 999 ppm within 4 minutes. The range at 2 minutes for each of the fuels was from 170 to 253 ppm for white gas, from 267 to 346 for unleaded gasoline, and from 544 to 875 for kerosene.
http://www.wemjournal.org/wmsonline...&issn=1080-6032&volume=012&issue=04&page=0236

That's in a comparitively tiny space. 14 cubic feet. By contrast a standard basement is over 5600 cubic feet. So if it took 5 minutes to reach 348ppm in their "ice cave" (and my math is correct) it would take roughly 33 hours to reach the same concentration in a basement...assuming no ventilation of course.
 
Ed,
Maybe true but it's still a seriously bad practice. This also presumes your stove, lantern, etc. is functioning at it's best. I've done some personal testing out of curiosity and had a CO detector start complaining (the 60ppm level) within 10 minutes from an old model dual mantle lantern and an even older dual burner stove operating at the same time when enclosed in a workshed space of 12x20x9 (2160 sq ft).

Also, concentrations as low as 50ppm can make you very ill over a 7-8 hour exposure period and the report you cite mentions 348ppm in 5 minutes? That puts you well into a "medium exposure" situation (a CO level between 150 ppm to 300 ppm) that will produce dizziness, drowsiness and vomiting and not far from a fatal exposure (a CO level of 400 ppm and higher) that will result in unconsciousness, brain damage and death.

Why risk it?
 
Very well stated.

I especially liked the last item about working with the neighbors. There are quite a few folks that talk about "bugging out" but when bad things happen you need to be sure that your neighbors are there for you and you for them.
 
I am mostly worried about tornados and ice storms where I live. I have no idea how to prepare for TEOTWAWKI, so don't plan to even try.
 
...mentions 348ppm in 5 minutes...

In a 0.4 cubic meter (14 cubic foot, or a cube a little less than two and a half feet on a side) cardboard box. Dillute that down to a 12x20x9 foot volume and you have 2.5ppm. To contrast, "While sleeping in the bedroom, people in Los Angeles were exposed to an average of 2.1 ppm (Lambert et al., 1991)".

For Canadians the recommended maximum exposure is, in
time, max desirable,max acceptable, max tolerable order:
1hr, 13ppm, 30ppm, n/a
8hr, 5ppm, 13ppm, 17.4ppm
-- http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/air/naaqo-onqaa/carbon-monoxyde-carbone/index_e.html

I mostly agree with "why risk it" but I prefer "make an informed choice". There are risks but there are also risks to going outside during a storm. You've got to balance those risks on a case by case basis.
 
Vern, GOOD to hear from you!! Been worried as have several folks on CSP. Thanks for the post and glad you are ok. I knew about the electrical and phone outages up there.

My dad and sister in the very NE corner of Cleburne Co had a near miss but all is well there too.

I also have friends in Heber Springs in the medical business who had a busy night and day or two with folks from the Clinton area.

One tornado missed us (SE corner of AR) by 2-3 miles that same day, but it was small and most folks here got only winds and big hail.

In 2000, I was out of power for a week. You CAN cook three meals a day in the fireplace! Survived quite well on my 'stockpile' of goods.

Again, good to hear from you.
 
Vern, glad you and your family were not injured and your home wasn't damaged.

I have been in Mountain View many times, having grown up in Mountain Home. I talked to my cousin who lives in Mtn. Home, and a good friend who lives in Bruno, and they told me about Mountain View, and Gassville, a "suburb" of Mountain Home, being heavily hit. I looked at the pictures on the Baxter Bulletin newpaper's site. I never cease to be amazed at the amount of terrible damage a tornado can do.

When I was a child in Mtn. Home, there were many homes at that time with storm cellars. We had one, as did a number of our neighbors. They were stocked with "storm supplies." (I can't recall ever hearing the word "survival" at that time. It was just "having things in the storm cellar in case a twister comes through.")

I doubt that today, there are very many storm cellars left. I know that the people who bought our home when we moved to Little Rock, filled in the storm cellar and put in a big BBQ patio.

I would prefer a good storm cellar, or as in your case, a well reinforced basement with plenty of "goods" inside.

Best of luck to you and your family.

L.W.
 
Vern Humphrey,

I was sending best to you and yours.
I knew you would survive, you have many years of experience, and not just dealing with ice storms and tornado's.

Still I was sending best, especially after hearing the hospital was hit.
Where I was , was spared, but on down...yeah, Weed Whacker sums it up well...

Thank you for sharing as always.

Regards,

Steve
 
If you plan to walk from Atlanta, Georgia to Nantahala carrying your gun safe and Dillon 550B reloader, you might want to try that before the disaster strikes.
That was my favorite thing you wrote. Too many guys make grandiose plans and wig out completely when reality strikes. Spending time in the outdoors with your gear and supplies will not only test it, but give you some peace of mind since you will know you're prepared instead of just having a plan.

I've lived through 2 major east coast hurricanes and a couple or three in central america. This is good advice given here.

Thanks Vern! Glad you're in one piece.
 
Too many guys make grandiose plans and wig out completely when reality strikes. Spending time in the outdoors with your gear and supplies will not only test it, but give you some peace of mind since you will know you're prepared instead of just having a plan.
I've hiked most of the Appalachian Trail (and a few other trails, too), usually in 9-day stretches (two weekends and the intervening week.) It's amazing how much my gear has changed over the years, as things I didn't need got left behind, and things I did need found their way into my pack.
 
It's interesting to see the tornado path from above -- looks like a giant went through Arkansas with a Weed Whacker.

Glad to hear that you and yours made it through ok Vern. About 18 years ago I had access to hunt about 30,000 acres of paper company land in East Texas. As I was making my first preseason scouting trip of the year, I came across where a tornado had passed through the forest a few months before. Your description of a giant weed whacker is spot on. It was an awe inspiring sight to see thousands of huge oaks splintered and shattered like so much kindling.
 
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