45-70 hunting

AJC1

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If one were to try pig hunting, 🐖 is regular cast boolts plenty? It's not like the cartridge generates tons of speed for advanced bullet performance.
 
It would seem 45-70 even at black powder velocity would be quite sufficient.
Plenty of people hunt wild pork with 44 mag revolver, those generally toss a lighter bullet at close to the same speed.
240gr bullet at 1,400 vs a 400+ grain bullet at around 1,300fps (assuming low pressure ammo).
 
Side note - Mine were cast with clip on wheel weights, sized to .460 and lubed with my home made beeswax/Moly (axle grease) lube. I killed 3 deer with them and they didn't know the difference.... ;)
 
Big piles of Buffalo robes can't be wrong

A common misconception but most of the bison were dead before the 45-70 came out in 1873. In 1874 laws were passed restricting bison hunting in order to preserve the handful still alive. Much larger caliber cartridges and muzzle loading rifles killed off the bison. Along with severe drought conditions in the west in the 1850's.

The 45-70 most likely killed a handful of bison, but it wasn't thought of as anything more than a deer cartridge in the 1800's. It was the original Poodle shooter. The military went from a 68-caliber rifle down to a puny 45 caliber rifle.

Within 20 years 45-70 was all but dead as a hunting cartridge. It was kept alive for the next 100 years by guys who participated in Black Powder Rifle Cartridge target shooting. There were much better cartridges for this, but 45-70 brass and rifles were easier to come by. Hunters quickly dumped it for 30-30, 30-40 Kraig in the 1890's and eventually 30-06.

It doesn't take much to kill a hog, I'm sure just about any bullet at any reasonable speed will be fine. AR's in 223 are probably the most used hog hunting rifle and they work.
 
I’ve killed hundreds more hogs with the 22 LR than all of the other calibers I use when actually hunting them, combined. With a perfect shot, in just the right spot, it doesn’t take much at all.

I use the stuff that has a larger margin of error and still remain deadly, for times when I might not have all of the variables in my favor.
 
From the Buffalo Bill center:

The typical “buffalo gun,” therefore, was a heavy barreled single-shot rifle, chambered for large bore, long cartridges (such as 44-77, 45-70, 45-120-550, 45 3-1/4″, and 50-90).


Chuck Hawks:

.45-70 Government

By far the best known of the buffalo cartridges used on the western frontier was the illustrious .45-70 Government. Still popular today, the .45-70 was introduced in 1873 and was the U.S. Army's standard service cartridge from that time until it was officially replaced by the .30-40 Krag in 1892. The .45-70 actually continued in military service with reserve and militia units well into the early 1900's.


In the very early buffalo days, the firearms used were usually Sharps rifles of .45-70 caliber, but these rifles were slow in effect and it sometimes took several shots to reach the vital spot, and larger guns came into use. With these guns the report would be heard several seconds before the mark was hit. The guns in use were .45-70, .45-90 and .45-105, and the last one used in the buffalo days was a [Sharps that shot a] .50 [caliber] -180 [grain bullet], weighing twenty-one pounds. This last gun was the most effective of any of the guns used.


Actual timeline of Bison:

1876 The estimated three to four million bison of the southern plains were now dead. The Northern Pacific Railroad, anxious to advance, ignored tribal treaties and sent in a survey party. Native Americans killed some of the men, and General George Custer was sent to investigate, making history with the Battle at Little Big Horn.

1880 Slaughter of the northern herd had begun. New Mexico passed a law to protect the bison; unfortunately, the bison were already gone from this state.

1881 This year’s winter marked the largest slaughter of the northern herd. One county in Montana shipped 180,000 buffalo skins. Robes brought $2.50 to $4.00 each. Around this time, the Glidden and the Dupree herds (of the Dakotas) were established.

1882 Over 10,000 bison were taken during one hunt of a few days length in Dakota Territory in September.
The fate of the northern herd had been determined. A herd appeared on the northern side of the Yellowstone where a high plateau overlooked Miles City and Fort Keogh in the valley below. Fifth Infantrymen sent from the post killed so many animals that their meat filled a half-dozen four-mule team wagons. General Hugh Scott remembered that soldiers had no trouble keeping a six-mule team wagon carrying fresh buffalo meat into Fort Meade “all the time,” early in 1883. Hunters thought that the bison had moved north to Canada, but they hadn’t. They had simply been eliminated.

This shows Bison hunting was still going strong into the 1878 for tyhe southern herd:

In the winter of 1876-77 an estimated 1,500 hunters were shooting buffaloes on the Texas plains, and by early spring Fort Griffin had about four acres filled with piles of hides waiting for the wagon trains to haul them to Fort Worth. In the latter town, one morning in May, 1877, a reporter noted a caravan of ten wagons coming in. “In front were eleven yoke of oxen driven by one man and dragging after them four large wagons, heavily laden. Two other teams, with seven yoke each, drawing three wagons, followed. There probably were 2,500 to 3,000 hides in the train.”

In the same spring another Fort Worth observer was impressed with one lot of 60,000 hides piled high on a platform near the Texas and Pacific Railroad. During the season, Fort Griffin sent in about 200,000 hides, which brought the hunters about a dollar each. But the peak of the slaughter had passed, and the end was in sight. The hunters had broken up the great southern herd, leaving only scattered remnants.

In the winter of 1877-78 the skinners took more than 100,000 hides in Texas. This virtually wiped out the southern herd. The only noteworthy commercial hunting left was that in the northern plains in the early 1880’s.

 
Most of my pig kills have been done with 223 75 grain Hornady BTHP, or large knives assisted by trained dogs. I recently built a 300 BLK for pigs and deer. Any 45-70 will work just fine.
 
Let me clarify this load is for modern lever actions.
I agree but all loads listed are good except those for #1,3 ruger only. One can use from start of Springfield to max of lever action and all in between. The gaps in the book loads with the same bullet and powder are still good.
 
From the Buffalo Bill center:




Chuck Hawks:







Actual timeline of Bison:





This shows Bison hunting was still going strong into the 1878 for tyhe southern herd:



Some good references Chuck, though somewhat "vague" ? and kind of written for mass-consumption. ?? But good job for listing those. :)

Well, my understanding is that the .50-70 and .45-70 were in widespread use during the "hey-day" of buffalo extermination. It was slowing down before the Sharps and it's cartridge(s) was/were popular or being introduced. I believe Model 1873, and pre-1873 .50-70 Springfield rifles were cheap and plentiful. Less expensive than a Sharps rifle for sure. When muzzle loaders were still being used the toll was small and market hunting and extermination had not begun. .45-70 cases have been found at Adobe Walls dating to the big fight with the Comanche. (the mystery being that civilians even had the cartridge that soon after it's adoption by the Army)

No offense Jmr40, and I could be wrong, but most of the Bison were not dead in1873, and the .45-70 killed more than a handful of them. Possibly most of them.

Anyhow, as far as the .45-70 for hog hunting, that cartridge does not need high velocity to kill well. Tiny bullets need velocity to "make up" for lack of weight and diameter. 400-500 grain .458" bullets don't. Don't fall into the "light-bullet because it goes faster" trap.
 
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