Irons have gotten more rudimentary as time has gone by. As we have seen, many rifles do not have them anymore.
Factory bolt rifles of the 30's, 40's, 50's often were drilled and tapped to accept Lyman 48 and Redfield 70 micrometer ear sights. These sights typically gave 1/2 MOA click adjustments on windage and elevation. If a factory rifle ever came out with a Lyman 48 on the back, I just cannot remember it. But you could install one of the rifles of the day.
I have a 48JWS on the back of a pre 64, and a 48S on a M1903. And I installed a SAKO rear sight on a SAKO. Worked fine.
A modern rifle, you would have to examine the rifle. Any modern rifle can be drilled an tapped, but whether things (like integral scope bases) stuck on the back of the action would interfer with the sight base is something that would have to be determined.
You can get modern Williams sights. I actually prefer them to the modern Lyman as you can tighten the arm to the base with a screw. The Lyman you cannot tighten. The problem with the modern iron sights is that the aperature arms are a loose fit in the base. You just cannot do any decent shooting with an aperature that flopps around. The older sights, if you go through some at a gun show, you will find that they are better fitted.
You do not want target sights on the back of a hunting rifle. Redfield Olympics, Internationals, Palma's, are too big and too delicate. Will get knocked out of wack in a moment.
I have yet to handle a better set of irons than the ones put on the Garand or the M1a. Rugged, simple, fine adjustments.