Breaking in a new rifle or handgun

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It depends on the barrel. Factory barrel, I just shoot and clean whenever I get a chance. I might spend a little more time with a match barrel.
 
Picked up a savage 12fv in 223 not long ago. They way I did it as followed using a coated single piece rod:

get the gun home and take the action out of the stock and give it good cleaning. Using hoppes no. 9 in the barrel, bore brush and then Followed by multiple dry patches.

took it to the range, fired one round, and cleaned again as noted above. I did this a total of three times.

fire a three shot group and cleaned as above. I did this twice.

fire a five shot group and clean again with hoppes, bore brush, and dry patches. I then used slip 2000 carbon killer followed by dry patches and finished up with a lightly coated patch of slip 2000 gun oil and put it away.

I’ll run a dry patch through it before I take it out to shoot it next.
May or may not be the best way to do it but it’s worked for me so far. But I am by no means a world class shooter or bench rest guy.
 
Factory barrel I used to just clean than shoot, custom barrel I follow the manufacturers break in process.

This winter I bought a new REM M7 in .223 and just for chits and giggles I tried a break-in process, just to see the effect. I ran 3 patches coated with JB bore paste through the barrel before ever firing to smooth things out. I than ran a similar process that I used on my most recent Bartlein barrel. While performing break in I was zeroing and getting a baseline for MVs with different charges, so I'd be better set for load development.

At the end I then fired a 20 shot string and cleaned the barrel. It only took a couple wet patches, no brushing. I know it's just a sample of one, so I'll probably repeat it on my next factory barrel to see if it has the same effect.
 
I always plan on cleaning the guns before I shoot them, but then I get excited and shoot them as soon as they get home. For the actual "break-in semi-auto's get a few hundred rounds of cheap ammo run through them to ensure reliability. Revolvers get a ton of dry-fires to smooth out the action. I don't really do much to break in bolt actions.
 
Clean 'em and then shoot 'em. Clean 'em more often when they don't yet have many rounds through 'em.

"The sun shouldn't set on a dirty gun." An old saying, attributed to black-powder days, but a good idea, speaking from one who, in his early adulthood, didn't clean his varmint rifle bore much during the season, lest the first shot from a clean bore miss the quarry. The last time I went hunting one season and put the rifle in the closet, next to a sewer stack, I forgot about cleaning the .22-250. A few months later, I picked it up to look at the bore and couldn't see much light through it, due to corrosion. My heart sank and I worked hard to dissolve the rust and get the bore clean, but it was damaged badly.

I was afraid it wouldn't shoot worth a darn, so quickly made up some handloads and drove to the rifle range, 20 miles away. Once there, I posted a target at 200 yards and because none of the portable benches were downrange at the 100 yard mark, I went back to 200 and shot 5 rounds prone, without a rest or sling.

When I walked to the target wondering whether any shots made it that far and hit paper, I was absolutely amazed to see a 5/8" 5-shot group!!! I'd never shot groups prone before and was pleasantly surprised, but my surprise changed to wondering what the heck I put in those handloads!!! Finally, I determined that they were of my regular handload recipe, using CCI 55 grain bullets.

Sorry about the long post. JP
 
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