Pfletch,again most 410's use a full choke and since in my strongest opinion these gauges should never be used for deer hunting,I am not sure how much slug use you intend to use your 410 for but the truth be told just because it has a full choke does not mean it wont fire a slug somewhat accurately.
I doubt seriously the slugs will hurt it.
And the buck shot certainly will not hurt the barrel.
About the plug.
Did you take the magazine cap off and remove the innards to reveal the plug?
Unless the 410 is a completely different gun from other 500's,which I doubt, there is a plug in there to keep you from loading five rounds into the magazine instead of the factory plug induced two.
I have never pulled the plug from my old early 80's built Mossberg 500 but the one in my Maverick 88 is nothing more than a wood dowel.
Remington 870's use a plastic type of dowel.
Your owners manual surely shows you the disassembly procedure.