SouthernHunter, it's not what is the best cartridge for hunting the deer. It's what is the best cartridge for "you" that you need to consider. Like has been said repeatedly, you can kill a Whitetail with anything from .243 to .500 Nitro (although not recomended). I have found that when I ask people," What is the best caliber for hunting deer." the list of calibers is almost as long as the list of reasons why every caliber other than the one they use is inferior. The .243 is too light...The 30-30 doesn't carry energy far enough...The .300 Win Mag is overkill. Just pick a sensible sized and easily purchased caliber and once you've made your first kill you will have a connection to it. For me, it's the .270. Not because it shoots the flattest or has the best ballistics. It's my favorite because that was the caliber of my Grandfather's rifle that I used to take my first deer with and it will always be special to me.
Before you choose think about recoil as well. Not how much can I tolerate, but how much will I enjoy to shoot. You don't have to go with the largest cartridge you can handle to be effective. Also, you need to think about cost and availability. I may over simplify it a little but I feel like if I can't buy it a Ma's Country Store up the road from the lease, it might not be the best caliber to carry. I also don't enjoy shooting my rifle as much when i have to save up for 2 weeks to buy a couple boxes of ammo.
Why are you into the idea of semi-auto or pump action rifles? I have hunted for quite a while and never ran into a situation where a bolt action wasn't fast enough. It's a solid platform and really quite fast to make a follow up shot with.
Before you choose think about recoil as well. Not how much can I tolerate, but how much will I enjoy to shoot. You don't have to go with the largest cartridge you can handle to be effective. Also, you need to think about cost and availability. I may over simplify it a little but I feel like if I can't buy it a Ma's Country Store up the road from the lease, it might not be the best caliber to carry. I also don't enjoy shooting my rifle as much when i have to save up for 2 weeks to buy a couple boxes of ammo.
Why are you into the idea of semi-auto or pump action rifles? I have hunted for quite a while and never ran into a situation where a bolt action wasn't fast enough. It's a solid platform and really quite fast to make a follow up shot with.