Seems to me that you are comparing apples and oranges. Of course you can use both, as I do, to shoot p-dogs, but to me that's where the similarity ends. I don't think about the difference in ammo cost; I think about the shot I need to make and how much killing power I need at the end of the shot. I never attempt p-dog shots beyond 150 yds. Can the 17 HMR kill dogs out that far...sure, but I like the solid whack that comes with the .223 and I am not thinking of cost differential at that point. Both rounds are relatively cheap when I compare it to larger calibers that can cost $3 each.