Sometimes I do less than 20 rounds, depending upon the gun and circumstance.
General procedure on a proven gun:
1) Load the first round as a JHP. This is the last round in the magazine when the spring pressure is weakest.
2) Randomly mix in one or two JHP rounds among standard FMJ practice ammunition.
3) Top round is JHP.
4) Load an FMJ round into the chamber via different magazine.
5) Insert magazine and test.
Conditions:
1) Gun is proven and I just want to test for peace of mind.
2) Ammunition is a different brand and I want to verify that it functions in a proven gun.
3) Gun is new, started the session clean, has successfully fired 100 rounds of practice ammunition (or number of rounds recommended by the manufacturer) and is not a 1911.
If the gun is a 1911, or has a history of problems, then:
1) Determine function with FMJ practice ammo. Issues should come up within 100 rounds or less. This is not break-in; it's testing for a specific problem. If it jams, stop testing. Return to factory or gunsmith.
2) Run one magazine of JHP ammunition through the gun. If it jams, no further testing is needed. Return to factory or gunsmith for correction.
3) If #1 and #2 pass, then I will fire more FMJ practice ammunition through the gun. This could be 100-400 rounds more, depending upon what I have available.
4) If #3 passes, then I'll run the general procedure on the dirty gun. If it passes, then it should be good to go.
Finally, I periodically shoot the self-defense ammo out of my gun to see what would have happened.