I was looking at 308's about 2 years ago and I looked at both these rifles.
There are a couple of basic differences.
The first is barrel length. The LTR has a shorter 20" barrel, LTR standing for light tactical rifle. The 10FP currently comes only with a 24" barrel in the basic model. But there is a variation just brought out with a 20" barrel, only with a Choate pistol grip type folding stock.
The second basic difference is the stock. The LTR has a nice HR precision stock with classic lines. Very nice looking in my opinion. With the 10FP, Savage has offered many options. The basic rifle comes with their flimsy plastic stock which looks as bad as it performs. They also offer an HS precision and a McMillan sniper type stock, both of which are good stocks. I personally don't like the lines as much as the LTR. They used to offer another Choate stock, with the skeleton type butt, but I'm not sure if that's still available. There is also a new model 10FP, CK version I think it is. Has a built in muzzle brake, and possibly comes with the new accustock. Not sure about that.
Savage has one more brand new option called the precision carbine. I believe it is the same basic action as the 10 FP, but it does have a detachable magazine. It has a 20 inch barrel and the new accustock. Only thing is the stock comes pre-camouglaged, only the stock, not the barrel and action.
What .308 did I end up getting? I ended up with CZ 550 varmint with HS precision Kevlar stock. The problem I have with choosing a rifle is that you rarely get the chance to see the things in person. Gun stores and gun shows have an extremely limited selection. I went to the NRA convention in Indianapolis just to compare rifles. I had not really been considering the CZ, but after looking at all of them over and over, that's the one I decided I liked best. Haven't regretted it either. Stock is beautiful with classic lines. The rifle has been very accurate.
I have been looking at this Savage precision carbine in .223 recently though.
Chaz