The .454 Casull has a SAAMI PSI of 65,000 PSI.
The .410 2.5" has a limit of 12,500 PSI, and the 3" a limit of 13,500 PSI.
That is over 5x the pressure.
The difference is even greater if you compare proof loads.
Guns are designed with these pressure limitations in mind, with some margin for error, wear, and minor variation.
Stuffing a cartridge that operates at 5x the pressure should blow up your gun. The real surprise is if it takes more than one round to do it and the gun is that robust beyond its intended pressure.
Taurus does put out a gun that can use all three. In designing such a firearm it must always be built capable of withstanding the highest pressure of the cartridge it is sold as being able to chamber.
That means their .454 judge that must be built capable of digesting .454 Casull operating at 65,000 PSI, and probably a steady diet if they make a reliable reputable gun, would not be phased by a constant diet of .410.
In fact I have wanted to see just what a 50,000+PSI shotgun load would do in one of those handguns (staying at a lower PSI limit because shotloads have more variation in friction and pressure between loads because the shot moves around.) Loading such loads in .454 brass of course and not .410 hulls.
The .454 capable judge is the only one I would consider buying myself, with that high of a pressure ceiling you could make some cool loads. You could probably get long gun shotgun performance from a handgun with that pressure making up for the shorter barrel.
However in California they are illegal short barreled shotguns.
Regular .45 colt is closer to the .410 at 14,000 PSI. However it is still over and safety dictates you stay under the PSI the firearm you are using was designed for. Some .45 colt is also loaded to higher PSI and would be more dangerous.