I've taken several hundred deer. I've grown to prefer the center shoulder shot. I've used about every cartridge out there. Mostly, 7mm Mag., in my youth, a few decades of .30/06, and for the last few years .308. The behind the shoulder shot deer usually runs for a few seconds. Anything high, think close to spine, drops them there. Center shoulder shot will typically hit bone and take out the transmission. If not a drop there, it will be only a few feet. No tracking but you lose the shoulder meat and the front end is a mess while field dressing. Exceptions to this have been several deer taken with .22 center fires and .243 rifles. They are less predictable. Bullet choice becomes very important. A good bullet allows bigger caliber performance but a typical bullet can result in some tracking. I've had doe go over 100 yards, with perfect placement with the .223. My favorite meat gun is a Ruger 77/.357. With 158 grain flat nose jacketed bullets deer typically go about 50 yards. But you can eat right up to the bullet hole. Almost no blood shot mess to deal with. Unfortunately, range is limited to about 125 yards for me. This does take care of most hunting though.