The difference between the two?? bullet diameter
Why not buy one of each? I plan to get a 30-06 someday. Remington M700 too.
I've got a Ruger M77 .270 and absolutely love it, love it, love it!!! I really don't
NEED to have a 30-06, but I'm set up to reload it, and have pieced together enough accessories for another rifle that I'll get one eventually. I've hunted deer and elk with the .270 and it has never failed to do the job with just one shot. I actually don't hunt elk with the 150gr bullets, just 130gr and it kills them handily. Some hunters will fall over laughing at that, but it's simply all about where that bullet hits.
Try not to listen to either side of the .270 vs 30-06 caliber war. They are both correct in that each cartridge is wonderful. The .270 will do miraculous things with the 130gr bullet, and the 30-06 will astound you with it's performance shooting 180gr bullets, so getting both would be a good choice.
My little brother got a 30-06 because he was deathly afraid that if he got a .270 it wouldn't be enough gun for elk. Ludicrous!! The elk I shoot are just as dead and I've never had to take a follow-up shot... yet, because I practice with it and aim for the right spot.
I recently read a synopsis of an African hunt where a young dude spent all his money on the safari that he didn't have enough money to buy a good large bore gun, so he took his .270 along. He was able to kill 16 of Africa's largest game animals with 16 shots.
That is enough said on the .270's effectiveness.
You can tell that I've got an opinion on this issue.