Nematocyst is correct in saying that the .30-30 is a medium game rifle. By the same token, the .30-'06 is best for even larger game, but writers used to routinely point out that you could use 110 grain bullets on varmints (!), making it an "all around" rifle cartridge.
The .243, .244, .250 etc. were and are much better varmint rounds and would also suffice for medium game.
For rather populated areas, smaller, quieter rifles were and are usually called for. The first .22 centerfire I ever shot was a .22 K-Hornet low-wall Winchester single shot belonging to Townsend Whelen. I really wanted a Hornet or a .222 Remington but couldn't afford one. A gunsmith friend (who had taken our shooting group to the club where we met Col. Whelen) didn't like the Remington 722 and recommended a .22-250 on a small-ring Mauser action. He said that unlike the .220 Swift, the .22-250 could be "loaded down" quite well. That was not within my reach, but later I had him build a .257 Roberts. When I finally got a .22-250 they were available in factory rifles. I really like the cartridge. I've never shot a .223 but for somewhat shorter ranges that might be preferable.
You said "varmint control", and I don't recall "plinking/general carry." Purely for varmint control the above center-fires, or the .22WMR for shorter ranges, would probably be best for you, in my humble opinion, but the decision has to be yours.
I don't think the trajectory of the .357 would suit you very well for wood-chucks out to the edges of your property, based on what you've said. I think it's a short-range proposition for larger targets. Would be fun to shoot, though. Note however that the Hornady flex tip bullets for the .357 may color things a little, but I'm not convinced otherwise at this time.
Though not ideal for varmints, the .30-30 with Accelerator bullets might well suffice. Never tried them. The advantage is that you can use a Marlin 336 if that's what you want. If that's not your cup of tea and you still want a lever repeater, you have choices of the .22WMR for short range or the .22-250 in the BLR for longer range.
Back when writers spoke of the .30-'06 for varmints, the .30-30 was considered a short-range rifle, but based on the testimonials about the Hornady LEVERevolution ammunition, that seems to be a thing of the past. Perhaps someone with some experience with them could offer an opinion. I only "know" what I've read and seen on television.
By the way, I used to "plink" with a 6.5X55, a .30-40, a .30-'06, and a 7.92X57, but that's no longer possible around here because of population growth!
I saw a Henry .22WMR yesterday and liked it, but you've got me looking at Marlin .30-30 rifles, which I do not need! By the way, I do like the balance of the XLR with the longer barrel.
I hope you find this helpful.