What longer range caliber doesn't work well for short range? Or is it not so much the range as it is the potential to have to shoot through brush?
Like I said, it will work....so will a putter...
Having shoulder hit a deer at 35yds with a 130grn at 3150MV, honestly I think there's better choices. Result was a dead deer, but the meat loss was greater than a more "sedate" caliber. Before I diversified into task dedicated rifles I went with dual loads, Nosler BTs for open terrain, Partitions for the shorter stuff. The POI/POA was close enough to ignore at the closer distances. The heart-lung shots mitigate the damage, but those aren't always possible.
Then there's the rifles themselves. My open country rigs are 24-26" barrels, higher mag scopes, higher MV cartridges; .270, .300WM and an 8x68S. Not exactly wieldy for a still hunting woods rifles. Woods rifles are 20" barreled, LPVOs with cartridges in the 28-2600 FPS range that are faster handling.
And on top of that, IHMO there's different types of woods hunting. Stand/blinds VS still hunting/drives. To me stands/blinds infers more time for precise shots, so some magnification is appreciated for those "thread the needle" type shots. Also more ability to pick your aimpoint. Still hunting/drives is more of the "take what shot you get", less desirable presentations, possibly moving and shooting through things.
All of the above IMHO is why for example you still see lever action .35REMs for sale along side 26Noslers. Both will kill a deer...