Have you had any issues with your trigger not resetting? I recently did a trigger upgrade on a cheap DPMS carbine. On my install, the disconnector spring somehow got torqued out of position and mashed, giving me an erratic trigger reset. While test firing for function, I got a couple of doubles and one fired case in a similar condition to yours, but not as severe, I still have a little neck left, and without the backed primer. Not sure of the exact mechanics at play here, but I could imagine a faulty, damaged or obstructed disconnector spring or disconnector impedance could cause this issue. Replacing the OEM DC spring (correctly) solved my issue.
I've also seen this in a SR match, another shooter with too hot loads had a primer anvil from a blown primer work down into the guts of the trigger assembly.