Jim Watson
Member
In each case there came a moment when a .40 cartridge ended up slipping forward of the extractor hook and not being hit by the striker firing pin. A simple 'tap/rack' eventually fed and chambered a proper .45 cartridge ... and the fired .45 bullet encountered a .40 cartridge obstructing the bore.
Similar 9 down .40 barrel wrecked a local guy's near new switch top 3 gun - Open custom build. It wrecked the .40 upper but did not damage the receiver so he could shoot 9mm while waiting for a new .40 upper to be built.
I can attest that .38 WCF will chamber and fire just fine in a .44 WCF, just with lousy accuracy and tumbling bullets at 15 yards.
.44-40 will also chamber and fire in a .45 LC revolver, with poor results.
A .45 LC in a .44-40 Winchester causes a monumental jam. There was a Texas Ranger who had that happen under fire. He calmly unscrewed the sideplate with the point of his Bowie knife, cleared the jam, put it back together and rejoined the battle. Reportedly when he got back to town he traded the .45 for a .44 Frontier Six Shooter for common ammo.