Arcticap!
Check out Ludwig Von Wittegenstein and Quine. Those guys pretty much took the lead with the philosophy dealing with linguistics.
Witggenstein will elaborate that words are indeed signs or symbols of the things they designate. If anything is shadowy about it, it might be the source of the gutteral utterances that produce the word. He will also point out how limited our rich language really is. To wit: We call a table a physical object... physicists will tell us that the table is mostly empty space with some particles intermixed with the empty space, but it is a nonphysical thing.
An object cannot be its opposite, or rather be one thing and its opposite in the same way, to the same measure, in the same amount etc. at the same time. He dissolves the apparent contradiction by the suggestion that the word physical ought not be used by the physicist, but that there is no corresponding word that is a "sign" or "symbol" that represents what he wants to say, ergo confusion arises. "Philosophical Investigations"
Quine will lead you down the path of correspondence. Our words must correspond or refer to a thing denotated. If words have ambiguous, "shadowy" meanings, it is an inadequacy of language, not a "metaphysical" property of the words. He also leads you through an idea about metaphysical meaning and fairly successfully knocks it out.
He created the "Indeterminacy of Translation" thesis, that is a good take on language. His book "From a logical point of view" is a hard read, but if you're meticulous, it will make sense to you.
So from these viewpoints, more generally accepted, then, to consider that 'tree' might also "mean" beauty, strength, and etc., is a probable psychological attachment. (and a confusion of categories)
A tree could have the properties of "being beautiful" or "being strong" but is not in and of itself "strength" or "beauty" which are separate things. Neither would the name 'tree' represent those either thoughts, logically.
So possibly, Pears never studied Locke and the other Empiricists and understood that objects that indeed have names, also have primary and secondary qualities as well as have properties, and each of these has its own name (symbol) in order to make our language cogent and communicable.
hehehe Pears is warped... He waxed poetic.